Civilization and The City


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Civilization and The City

Civilization And The City: Cities were at the center of all early civilizations. People from surrounding areas came to cities to live, work, and trade. This meant that large populations of individuals who did not know each other lived and interacted with one another.

As you seen earlier in 8000 BCE, many people had settled in small villages, and were practicing agriculture and domesticating animals. People no longer had to spend the whole day hunting and gathering food. With better methods of agriculture, surplus (extra, more than required) food was produced. So people could now devote more time to other activities like leisure and thinking. Writing was invented, art flourished trade grew, and various inventions and discoveries changed almost every aspect of human existence. Gradually, villages grew into towns, and towns into cities; and the first great civilizations of the world were born.

What is civilization? Civilization is said to occur when a society is in an advanced state of social development. Such a society would have

  • An advanced system of agriculture,
  • People living in towns and cities,
  • Complex legal, political and religious institutions,
  • Division of labour, with rules, warriors, priests, farmers, carpenters, potters and so on, and
  • Literacy or the knowledge of writing.
  • Whenever and wherever these conditions were fulfilled, civilization arose. The earliest civilizations of the world came up around 5000BCE in river valleys. There were four major river valley civilizations- Mesopotamian civilization came up between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, the Egyptian civilization in the Nile valley, the Chinese civilization and the Indus Valley civilization on the bank of the river Indus. these parts of the ancient world witnessed the first urban revolution

    Sample Questions
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    Question : 1

    Mohen-jo-Daro situated in

    Right Option : C
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    Question : 2

    Which were the earliest city discovered in India.

    Right Option : A
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    Question : 3

    In earlier cities, the part to the west was smaller but higher and was called ______ .

    Right Option : A
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